Tutorials Design Patterns in C#

Prototype Pattern — Complete Guide

Prototype Pattern — Complete Guide: free step-by-step lesson with examples, common mistakes, and interview tips — part of Design Patterns in C# on Toolliyo Academy.

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Design Patterns in C# · Lesson 5 of 69

Prototype Pattern

GoF CoreEnterpriseCloud & Craft

GoF Core · 1 — Create & structure · ~6 min · Module 1: Creational Design Patterns

What is this?

Prototype copies an existing object (clone) instead of rebuilding from scratch — useful when setup is expensive or templates repeat.

Why should you care?

ShopNest seller “product templates” duplicate a base SKU with small tweaks.

See it live — copy this example

Paste into a C# console or class library project and run dotnet run.

public sealed class ProductTemplate
{
    public string Name { get; set; } = "";
    public decimal Price { get; set; }
    public List<string> Tags { get; set; } = new();
    public ProductTemplate DeepClone() => new()
    {
        Name = Name,
        Price = Price,
        Tags = Tags.ToList()
    };
}

var baseSku = new ProductTemplate { Name = "Tee", Price = 499, Tags = { "apparel" } };
var red = baseSku.DeepClone();
red.Name = "Tee Red";
red.Tags.Add("red");
Console.WriteLine($"{baseSku.Tags.Count} vs {red.Tags.Count}");

Run Example »

Edit the code below and click Run to see the result in Toolliyo’s live editor.

Code
Result

What happened?

  • DeepClone copies the tag list so edits on red do not mutate base.
  • ICloneable exists but explicit DeepClone is clearer about shallow vs deep.

Practice next

  1. Clone and change Name; confirm base unchanged.
  2. Show why Tags.ToList() matters (shallow trap).
  3. Clone a third color from base.
  4. Add a Size field and clone it.
  5. Accidentally share Tags and watch the bug.

Remember

Clone templates cheaply. Deep vs shallow matters. Prefer explicit DeepClone.

ShopNest product templates

Sellers clone a base SKU for color variants.

Outcome: Fast listing creation without shared tag bugs.

Interview prep for this lesson

Practice these questions aloud after reading—each links to a full structured answer.

Mid PDF Detailed
Prototype Interface (ICloneable):?
Short answer: This interface defines the Clone() method that concrete prototypes must implement. This method returns a new object that is a copy of the current object. public interface ICloneable Example code { ICloneabl…
Mid PDF Detailed
Abstract Factory (LoggerFactory):?
Short answer: The LoggerFactory class defines a factory method CreateLogger that returns an ILogger object. This is a generic interface for creating various logger types without specifying the concrete class directly. Re…
Mid PDF Detailed
Redo Functionality:?
Short answer: You can extend the system by adding redo functionality. After an undo operation, you could store the undone command in a separate stack and allow users to redo the previous undo operation. Real-world exampl…
Mid PDF Detailed
Abstract Expression (IExpression):?
Short answer: The IExpression interface declares an Interpret method, which is the core of the interpreter pattern. This method is used to interpret and evaluate expressions. public interface IExpression Example code { i…
Mid PDF Detailed
Mediator (ChatMediator):?
Short answer: The mediator manages communication between the users. It maintains a list of all users and broadcasts messages to all other users when one user sends a message. This keeps the users from directly knowing ab…
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Design Patterns in C#
Course syllabus

Design Patterns in C# Tutorial

Module 1: Creational Design Patterns
Module 2: Structural Design Patterns
Module 3: Behavioral Design Patterns
Module 4: Enterprise Design Patterns
Module 5: Modern Enterprise Patterns
Module 6: Microservices & Cloud Patterns
Module 7: ASP.NET Core Architecture Patterns
Module 8: Interview & System Design
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