Tutorials Design Patterns in C#

Event Sourcing Pattern — Complete Guide

Event Sourcing Pattern — Complete Guide: free step-by-step lesson with examples, common mistakes, and interview tips — part of Design Patterns in C# on Toolliyo Academy.

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Design Patterns in C# · Lesson 31 of 69

Event Sourcing Pattern

GoF Core ✓EnterpriseCloud & Craft

Enterprise · 2 — App patterns · ~6 min · Module 4: Enterprise Design Patterns

What is this?

Event sourcing stores state as an append-only stream of domain events; current state is folded from the stream.

Why should you care?

ShopNest wallet disputes need exact history of credits/debits, not only a balance column.

See it live — copy this example

Paste into a C# console or class library project and run dotnet run.

public abstract record WalletEvent(Guid WalletId);
public sealed record Credited(Guid WalletId, decimal Amount) : WalletEvent(WalletId);
public sealed record Debited(Guid WalletId, decimal Amount) : WalletEvent(WalletId);
public sealed class Wallet
{
    public decimal Balance { get; private set; }
    public void Apply(WalletEvent e)
    {
        switch (e)
        {
            case Credited c: Balance += c.Amount; break;
            case Debited d: Balance -= d.Amount; break;
        }
    }
}

var id = Guid.NewGuid();
var events = new WalletEvent[] { new Credited(id, 100), new Debited(id, 30) };
var wallet = new Wallet();
foreach (var e in events) wallet.Apply(e);
Console.WriteLine(wallet.Balance);

Run Example »

Edit the code below and click Run to see the result in Toolliyo’s live editor.

Code
Result

What happened?

  • Events are facts; Apply rebuilds balance.
  • Persist events; rebuild or snapshot for speed.
  • Not every CRUD entity needs this.

Practice next

  1. Fold the sample to 70.
  2. Append another Credited and rebuild.
  3. Store events in an append-only table.
  4. Reject debit when balance insufficient.
  5. Version event payloads.

Remember

State = fold of events. Append-only audit. Use where history matters.

ShopNest wallet stream

Support replays wallet events for a dispute.

Outcome: Exact timeline of every paisa movement.

Interview prep for this lesson

Practice these questions aloud after reading—each links to a full structured answer.

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Design Patterns in C#
Course syllabus

Design Patterns in C# Tutorial

Module 1: Creational Design Patterns
Module 2: Structural Design Patterns
Module 3: Behavioral Design Patterns
Module 4: Enterprise Design Patterns
Module 5: Modern Enterprise Patterns
Module 6: Microservices & Cloud Patterns
Module 7: ASP.NET Core Architecture Patterns
Module 8: Interview & System Design
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