Lesson 68/100

Tutorials JavaScript Tutorial

Web Components — Complete Guide

Web Components — Complete Guide: free step-by-step lesson with examples, common mistakes, and interview tips — part of JavaScript Tutorial on Toolliyo Academy.

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JavaScript Tutorial · Lesson 68 of 100

Web Components

Basics ✓Objects & data ✓Async & DOM ✓AdvancedToolsProjects

Advanced · 4 — Production skills · ~10 min · JS Advanced

What is this?

Web Components are custom HTML tags built with custom elements, shadow DOM, and templates — reusable widgets without React.

Why should you care?

Design systems can ship that works on any site.

See it live — copy this example

Paste into an HTML file or the browser console (F12). Use Run below when the live editor is available.

class HelloBox extends HTMLElement {
  connectedCallback() {
    this.textContent = "Hello from " + this.tagName;
  }
}
customElements.define("hello-box", HelloBox);
// <hello-box></hello-box>

Run Example »

Edit the code below and click Run to see the result in Toolliyo’s live editor.

Code
Result

What happened?

  • connectedCallback runs when element enters the page.
  • define registers the tag name.

Practice next

  1. Define hello-box and use in HTML.
  2. build connectedCallback.
  3. Add shadow DOM for scoped CSS.
  4. Pass attribute value to custom element via observedAttributes.
  5. Clone template content inside shadow root.

Remember

customElements.define Shadow DOM for styles Native reusable tags

ScriptVerse design system

Shared web component works in legacy jQuery pages and new React shells alike.

Outcome: Web components ship reusable UI across heterogeneous ScriptVerse products.

Interview prep for this lesson

Practice these questions aloud after reading—each links to a full structured answer.

Junior PDF Detailed
What is the difference between inline-block and block?
Short answer: block elements take full width and start on a new line. inline-block behaves like inline (stays in the same line) but allows setting width, height, margin, and padding. Example code .block { display: block;…
Mid PDF Detailed
Explain the difference between HTML4 and HTML5.
Short answer: HTML5 is the modern evolution of HTML4, introducing better structure, multimedia support, and APIs. Explain a bit more Follow me on LinkedIn: HTML4 mainly focused on document markup, while HTML5 focuses on…
Mid PDF Detailed
Class selector: Targets elements with a class.?
Short answer: .highlight { background: yellow; } .highlight { background: yellow; } .highlight { background: yellow; } .highlight { background: yellow; } .highlight { background: yellow; } .highlight { background: yellow…
Mid PDF Detailed
How does the browser parse and render HTML?
Short answer: When a browser loads a webpage, it goes through these main steps: Real-world example (ShopNest) ShopNest’s browser cart uses modern JavaScript: fetch APIs with async/await, modules, and clear error handling…
Junior PDF Detailed
What is Bootstrap?
Short answer: Follow me on LinkedIn: Bootstrap is a popular front-end framework for building responsive, mobile-first web pages using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript components. Real-world example (ShopNest) ShopNest’s browser…
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JavaScript Tutorial
Course syllabus

JavaScript Tutorial

Tutorial — Basics
Control Flow & Functions
Objects & Collections
Strings, Dates & RegEx
Async JavaScript
HTML DOM & Web APIs
Advanced
Performance & Security
Testing & Tooling
Projects
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