Row-Level Security — Complete Guide
Row-Level Security — Complete Guide: free step-by-step lesson with examples, common mistakes, and interview tips — part of PostgreSQL Tutorial on Toolliyo Academy.
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PostgreSQL Tutorial · Lesson 72 of 100
Row-Level Security
SQL ✓ → Advanced
Advanced · 2 — Production · ~10 min · PostgreSQL — Security & Cloud
What is this?
RLS filters rows per policy attached to table — USING for SELECT/UPDATE visibility, WITH CHECK for INSERT/UPDATE validity. Enforced for all users except table owner and superuser bypass unless FORCE.
Why should you care?
PostgresVerse SaaS tenants must never SELECT neighbor data even if API sends wrong tenant_id once.
See it live — copy this example
Run in pgAdmin or psql.
ALTER TABLE orders ENABLE ROW LEVEL SECURITY;
CREATE POLICY tenant_isolation ON orders
USING (tenant_id = current_setting('app.tenant_id')::int);
SET app.tenant_id = '3';
SELECT order_id FROM orders;
What happened?
- Policy compares row tenant_id to session setting app.tenant_id.
- SET before query simulates app setting GUC per request.
- Other tenants rows invisible.
Practice next
- Add tenant_id to orders and ENABLE RLS.
- CREATE POLICY as shown.
- SET tenant 3; count rows; SET tenant 5; compare.
- ADD POLICY for INSERT WITH CHECK same tenant_id.
- Combine RLS with SECURITY DEFINER function carefully audited.
Remember
RLS is database-enforced multi-tenant guard. Policies per command: SELECT, INSERT, etc. FORCE RLS applies to table owner too.
PostgresVerse tenant leak prevention
Buggy API omits tenant filter; RLS still returns only tenant 3 rows.
Outcome: Security audit passes; competitor data never exposed.
Interview prep for this lesson
Practice these questions aloud after reading—each links to a full structured answer.
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