WebSockets — Complete Guide
WebSockets — Complete Guide: free step-by-step lesson with examples, common mistakes, and interview tips — part of MEAN Stack Tutorial on Toolliyo Academy.
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MEAN Stack Tutorial · Lesson 62 of 100
WebSockets
Stack ✓ → Projects
Projects · 2 — Apps · ~10 min · MEAN — Real-Time & Advanced Systems
What is this?
WebSockets provide full-duplex TCP channel — raw ws library or browser WebSocket — for low-latency MeanVerse feeds without HTTP overhead.
Why should you care?
Socket.IO adds features; sometimes native WebSocket suffices for internal tick data.
See it live — copy this example
Paste into your MeanVerse project (Angular + Express + MongoDB), then run with ng serve / node / mongosh as noted.
// Node ws server
import { WebSocketServer } from 'ws';
const wss = new WebSocketServer({ server: httpServer, path: '/ws/fx' });
wss.on('connection', (ws, req) => {
const sub = fxBus.subscribe(tick => {
if (ws.readyState === ws.OPEN) ws.send(JSON.stringify(tick));
});
ws.on('close', () => sub.unsubscribe());
});
// Angular
const ws = new WebSocket('wss://api.meanverse.com/ws/fx');
ws.onmessage = (e) => this.latestRate.set(JSON.parse(e.data).rate);
What happened?
- ws attaches to HTTP server on path /ws/fx.
- Server pushes JSON ticks.
- Client parses message into Angular signal — no Socket.IO protocol overhead.
Practice next
- Choose ws when no rooms/reconnect library needed.
- build heartbeat ping/pong to detect dead connections.
- Secure with wss:// and token query or subprotocol auth.
- Add reconnection with exponential backoff in Angular.
- Benchmark 1000 msg/sec ws vs long polling.
Remember
WebSocket = persistent two-way channel. Raw ws lighter than Socket.IO. Use wss and auth in production.
FX rate feed
Trading desk needs 20 updates/sec per currency pair.
Outcome: Native WebSocket minimizes latency vs REST polling.
Interview prep for this lesson
Practice these questions aloud after reading—each links to a full structured answer.
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