Lesson 51/100

Tutorials MongoDB Tutorial

Aggregation Basics

Aggregation Basics: free step-by-step lesson with examples, common mistakes, and interview tips — part of MongoDB Tutorial on Toolliyo Academy.

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MongoDB Tutorial · Lesson 51 of 100

Aggregation Basics

Foundations & CRUD ✓Queries & Schema ✓Aggregation & ScaleAtlas & Projects

Aggregation & Scale · 3 — Pipelines · ~6 min · MongoDB — Aggregation Pipelines

What is this?

Aggregation pipelines process documents in stages — filter, group, reshape, join, and more. Each stage passes its output to the next. Think of it as a conveyor belt for data.

Why should you care?

Dashboards need totals by day, top products, and funnels. find alone cannot group; aggregate can.

See it live — copy this example

Open mongosh or MongoDB Compass, select database nosqlverse, then run the example. Change one field and run again.

db.orders.insertMany([
  { status: "paid", total: 500 },
  { status: "paid", total: 700 },
  { status: "cancelled", total: 200 }
])
db.orders.aggregate([
  { $match: { status: "paid" } },
  { $group: { _id: "$status", revenue: { $sum: "$total" }, n: { $sum: 1 } } }
])

Run Example »

Edit the code below and click Run to see the result in Toolliyo’s live editor.

Code
Result

What happened?

  • $match keeps paid orders.
  • $group buckets by status and sums total into revenue while counting docs.
  • Result: one row with revenue 1200 and n 2.

Practice next

  1. Insert the sample orders.
  2. Run the pipeline.
  3. Add { $sort: { revenue: -1 } } at the end.
  4. Group by a category field on products.
  5. Add $project to rename revenue to totalSales.

Remember

aggregate runs a pipeline of stages. $match filters; $group summarizes. Order of stages matters for speed.

Daily GMV widget

Flipkart seller dashboard sums paid orders for today.

Outcome: One aggregation powers the revenue tile.

Interview prep for this lesson

Practice these questions aloud after reading—each links to a full structured answer.

Junior Detailed
Explain SQL queries in the context of MongoDB.
Short answer: Interviewers want a crisp definition, a practical example from your projects, and awareness of trade-offs—not textbook dumps. How to structure your answer (60–90 seconds) Define SQL queries in plain languag…
Mid Detailed
What are common mistakes teams make with Schema design when using MongoDB?
Short answer: Interviewers want a crisp definition, a practical example from your projects, and awareness of trade-offs—not textbook dumps. How to structure your answer (60–90 seconds) Define Schema design in plain langu…
Senior Detailed
How would you debug a production issue related to Transactions in a MongoDB application?
Short answer: Interviewers want a crisp definition, a practical example from your projects, and awareness of trade-offs—not textbook dumps. How to structure your answer (60–90 seconds) Define Transactions in plain langua…
Mid Detailed
Compare two approaches to Indexing—when would you choose each?
Short answer: Interviewers want a crisp definition, a practical example from your projects, and awareness of trade-offs—not textbook dumps. How to structure your answer (60–90 seconds) Define Indexing in plain language f…
Junior Detailed
Describe a real-world scenario where Normalization mattered in a MongoDB project.
Short answer: Interviewers want a crisp definition, a practical example from your projects, and awareness of trade-offs—not textbook dumps. How to structure your answer (60–90 seconds) Define Normalization in plain langu…
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MongoDB Tutorial
Course syllabus

MongoDB Tutorial

MongoDB — Foundations
MongoDB — CRUD Operations
MongoDB — Query Operators
MongoDB — Schema Design
MongoDB — Indexing & Performance
MongoDB — Aggregation Pipelines
MongoDB — Replication & Sharding
MongoDB — Atlas & Security
MongoDB — Modern Features
MongoDB — Real-World Projects
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