Tutorials System Design Tutorial
Kubernetes Architecture — Complete Guide
Kubernetes Architecture — Complete Guide: free step-by-step lesson with examples, common mistakes, and interview tips — part of System Design Tutorial on Toolliyo Academy.
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System Design Tutorial · Lesson 52 of 100
Kubernetes Architecture
Basics ✓ → Scale → Interview
Scale · 2 — Distributed · ~6 min · Module 6: Cloud-Native Architecture
What is this?
Kubernetes schedules containers across machines with Pods, Deployments, Services, and declarative desired state.
Why should you care?
ShopNest needs rolling deploys, self-heal, and horizontal pods without babysitting VMs one by one.
See it live — copy this example
Sketch the architecture on paper. These lessons focus on concepts and trade-offs.
Deployment orders: replicas=4
Service orders: ClusterIP → pods
Ingress/Gateway → outside
HPA: CPU 60% → scale 4..20
Probe: readiness /readyzRun Example »
This lesson uses terminal or setup steps. Run commands on your computer — the live editor appears on coding lessons.
What happened?
- Deployments roll out new ReplicaSets.
- Services provide stable networking.
- HPA reacts to load.
- Probes gate traffic.
Practice next
- Sketch Deployment+Service for ShopNest Orders.
- Add readiness probe.
- Configure HPA min/max.
- Add PodDisruptionBudget for checkout.
- Separate node pools for noisy batch jobs.
Remember
K8s declares desired replicas. Services + probes + HPA. Rolling updates by default.
Orders on HPA
ShopNest Orders scales pods during flash sales.
Outcome: CPU stays in band without manual SSH scaling.
Interview prep for this lesson
Practice these questions aloud after reading—each links to a full structured answer.
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