How do you estimate timelines for full-stack development?

I break down features into frontend, backend, integration, and testing efforts. Then, I

consider team members’ skillsets, dependencies (like API availability or third-party tools),

nd risks. For example, a login module might seem simple, but if we’re implementing OAuth

or MFA, I factor in time for R&D, testing, and edge cases. I usually estimate in story points

first and then translate it to time with buffer built in.