Interview Q&A

Short answer: Provisioned throughput: Fixed Request Units (RUs) per second. Serverless: Automatically scales and billed per request. Use serverless for low or intermittent traffic.

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest on Azure typically uses App Service + SQL Database + Blob Storage + Application Insights for monitoring.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: Azure.Cosmos NuGet package (v3+) is preferred. Example: var cosmosClient = new CosmosClient(endpointUri, primaryKey); var container = cosmosClient.GetContainer("DatabaseId", "ContainerId");

Example code

Azure.Cosmos NuGet package (v3+) is preferred. Example: var cosmosClient = new CosmosClient(endpointUri, primaryKey);
var container = cosmosClient.GetContainer("DatabaseId", "ContainerId");

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest on Azure typically uses App Service + SQL Database + Blob Storage + Application Insights for monitoring.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: Cosmos DB automatically indexes all properties by default. You can customize index paths for performance. { "indexingMode": "consistent", "includedPaths": [ {"path": "/name/?"}, {"path": "/age/?"} }

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest on Azure typically uses App Service + SQL Database + Blob Storage + Application Insights for monitoring.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: Azure Key Vault is a cloud service for securely storing and managing secrets, keys, and certificates. Helps protect sensitive information like connection strings, passwords, API keys, and encryption keys.

Real-world example (ShopNest)

Connection strings and payment keys live in Key Vault—not in source control or plain appsettings on disk.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: Feature Secret Key Certificate Data type Any string Cryptographic key X.509 certificate Use case Passwords, connection strings Encryption, signing SSL/TLS or client auth Managed by Secret store Key store Certificate store

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: An Azure Storage Account is a container for all storage services in Azure. Provides Blob, Queue, Table, and File storage. Offers scalable, durable, and highly available storage.

Real-world example (ShopNest)

Product images upload to Azure Blob Storage; the DB only stores the blob URL.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: A message queuing service for decoupled communication between applications. Supports FIFO processing, retries, and message TTL.

Real-world example (ShopNest)

Product images upload to Azure Blob Storage; the DB only stores the blob URL.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: Feature Azure Queue Service Bus Queue Protocol HTTP/REST AMQP Features Simple FIFO Advanced (sessions, transactions, dead-letter) Scalability High High but more complex Use Case Simple decoupling Enterprise messaging with reliability

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: Use Azure.Storage.Blobs, Azure.Storage.Queues, Azure.Data.Tables, Azure.Storage.Files.Shares.

Real-world example (ShopNest)

Product images upload to Azure Blob Storage; the DB only stores the blob URL.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: Provides SMB/NFS-based shared file storage. Useful for legacy apps, lift-and-shift, or file shares across VMs. Example: var shareClient = new ShareClient(connectionString, "myfileshare");

Example code

await shareClient.CreateIfNotExistsAsync();

Real-world example (ShopNest)

Product images upload to Azure Blob Storage; the DB only stores the blob URL.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: SAS provides temporary, limited access to storage resources. Can define expiry time, permissions, and resource type.

Example code

var sasToken = blobClient.GenerateSasUri(BlobSasPermissions.Read, DateTimeOffset.UtcNow.AddHours(1)); Console.WriteLine(sasToken);

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest on Azure typically uses App Service + SQL Database + Blob Storage + Application Insights for monitoring.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: Azure DevOps is a set of development tools for software teams to plan, develop, test, and deploy applications. Provides CI/CD pipelines, version control, agile planning, and package management in one platform.

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest on Azure typically uses App Service + SQL Database + Blob Storage + Application Insights for monitoring.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: Provides Git repositories for version control. Supports branching, pull requests, code reviews, and collaboration among teams.

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest on Azure typically uses App Service + SQL Database + Blob Storage + Application Insights for monitoring.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: Feature Classic Pipeline YAML Pipeline Definition GUI-based Code-based (in repo) Versioning Manual Versioned with code CI/CD Supported Supported, recommended Reusability Limited High

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest on Azure typically uses App Service + SQL Database + Blob Storage + Application Insights for monitoring.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: Centralized package repository for NuGet, npm, Maven, or Python packages. Enables sharing, versioning, and dependency management across teams.

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest on Azure typically uses App Service + SQL Database + Blob Storage + Application Insights for monitoring.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: Track work items, bugs, features, and tasks. Plan sprints, create Kanban boards, and monitor team velocity.

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest on Azure typically uses App Service + SQL Database + Blob Storage + Application Insights for monitoring.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: A unit of work like bug, task, user story, or feature. Can be assigned, tracked, and linked to code commits.

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest on Azure typically uses App Service + SQL Database + Blob Storage + Application Insights for monitoring.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: Azure Active Directory (Azure AD) is a cloud-based identity and access management service. Provides authentication, single sign-on (SSO), multi-factor authentication (MFA), and identity protection for apps and services.

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest on Azure typically uses App Service + SQL Database + Blob Storage + Application Insights for monitoring.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: Feature Azure AD Azure AD B2C Target Employees/internal Customers/external Features SSO, MFA, RBAC Customizable login, social logins Protocol OAuth, SAML, OpenID OAuth, OpenID, social authentication

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest on Azure typically uses App Service + SQL Database + Blob Storage + Application Insights for monitoring.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: RBAC restricts access to resources based on roles assigned to users/groups. Example: Reader, Contributor, Owner roles in Azure.

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest on Azure typically uses App Service + SQL Database + Blob Storage + Application Insights for monitoring.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: MSAL (Microsoft Authentication Library) enables apps to authenticate users and acquire tokens. Supports .NET, JavaScript, Python, Java.

Example code

acquiring token in .NET: var app = ConfidentialClientApplicationBuilder.Create(clientId) .WithClientSecret(clientSecret) .WithAuthority(new Uri($" .Build(); string[] scopes = { " }; var result = await app.AcquireTokenForClient(scopes).ExecuteAsync(); Console.WriteLine(result.AccessToken);

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest on Azure typically uses App Service + SQL Database + Blob Storage + Application Insights for monitoring.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: OpenID Connect (OIDC) is an identity layer on top of OAuth 2.0. Provides authentication and ID tokens for apps. Ensures SSO and identity validation in modern applications.

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest on Azure typically uses App Service + SQL Database + Blob Storage + Application Insights for monitoring.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: Feature System-assigne User-assigned Lifecycle Tied to resource Independent Reusabl No Yes Example App Service Shared across multiple resources

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest on Azure typically uses App Service + SQL Database + Blob Storage + Application Insights for monitoring.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: APIM is a full-featured API gateway for publishing, securing, monitoring, and analyzing APIs. Helps abstract backend services, provide security, and manage consumption by developers.

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest on Azure typically uses App Service + SQL Database + Blob Storage + Application Insights for monitoring.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.

Short answer: Policies are configuration statements to modify API behavior. Can be applied at global, API, or operation level. Examples: rate limit, caching, authentication, request/response transformation Example – Rate limit policy: <rate-limit calls="10" renewal-period="60" />

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest on Azure typically uses App Service + SQL Database + Blob Storage + Application Insights for monitoring.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.