What is the impact of indexes on INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE operations?

Indexes can slow down data modification operations:

• INSERT: When a new row is inserted, the index must also be updated to include the

new value, adding extra overhead.

• UPDATE: If the indexed column is updated, the index must be modified to reflect the

new value, which can be slower.

• DELETE: When a row is deleted, the corresponding index entries must be removed,

causing additional overhead.

While indexes speed up SELECT queries, they can reduce the performance of INSERT,

UPDATE, and DELETE operations due to the extra work needed to maintain the index.