What is containerization, and how does it relate to microservices?

Containerization refers to the practice of packaging an application and its dependencies

(libraries, binaries, configurations) into a container, which is a lightweight, standalone, and

executable package.

In relation to microservices:

• Portability: Containers allow microservices to be easily moved across different

environments (e.g., development, staging, production) while ensuring they work

consistently.

• Isolation: Each microservice runs in its own container, ensuring isolation, which

makes it easier to scale and manage.

• Resource Efficiency: Containers are lightweight compared to virtual machines,

making them more efficient in terms of resource utilization.

Example: You can use Docker to containerize a Payment Service and Order Service,

each with its own environment and dependencies, and then deploy them independently.