How does React’s reconciliation algorithm work?

Short answer: React’s reconciliation algorithm compares the new Virtual DOM with the old one using a diffing algorithm. It: Identifies what changed (nodes, attributes, etc.) Applies minimum changes to the actual DOM Uses keys to track list item changes efficiently

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest’s storefront is React: components for ProductCard, CartDrawer, and CheckoutForm, with hooks for local UI state.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.