How does ISP improve code flexibility?

Short answer: ISP improves code flexibility by: Allowing classes to only depend on what they actually use Making it easier to extend or replace functionality without affecting unrelated parts Enabling composition over inheritance Making interfaces easier to mock or stub in unit tests Encouraging clean, modular design Smaller interfaces result in lower coupling and better maintainability.

Real-world example (ShopNest)

Open/Closed in ShopNest: add a new payment method by adding a class, not by editing a giant switch in CheckoutService.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.