How is encapsulation implemented in C#?

Short answer: Use private fields to store data. Expose controlled access via public properties or methods. Apply validation logic inside these methods/properties. private int age;

Example code

public int Age
{ get { return age; } set { if (value > 0) age = value; }
}

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest’s Order keeps _items private and exposes AddItem() so totals stay correct—callers cannot put a negative quantity directly into the list.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.