What is memoization, and how can it be used in Angular for performance improvement?

Short answer: Memoization: A technique to cache the results of expensive function calls and return the cached result when inputs are the same.

Explain a bit more

How it helps: Avoids recalculating heavy operations on every change detection. Improves performance for pure functions or selectors. ✅ Example in Angular: const memoizedFunction = memoize((input) => { // expensive calculation return result; }); this.result = memoizedFunction(input); You can use libraries like lodash's _.memoize or write your own. Angular Module System

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest admin can be built in Angular with modules/components, services for API calls, and reactive forms for product edit.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.