How do you optimize performance in Angular applications?

Short answer: Common techniques: Use OnPush change detection. Implement trackBy in *ngFor. Use lazy loading for modules. Avoid heavy computations in templates. Use pure pipes for filtering/formatting. Use memoization to cache expensive function results. Detach change detector manually for rarely updated components. Use ngZone.runOutsideAngular() for non-Angular async operations.

Real-world example (ShopNest)

ShopNest admin can be built in Angular with modules/components, services for API calls, and reactive forms for product edit.

Say this in the interview

1. Define — one clear sentence (the short answer above).
2. Example — relate it to a project like ShopNest or your real work.
3. Trade-off — when you would not use it.